Pharmacognosy Solved Questions Answers Free Download

( By - Prathmesh Nandode )

( 5th Semester ) Third Year B.Pharmacy

According To PCI Syllabus

Syllabus:

UNIT I

Metabolic pathways in higher plants and their determination:

a) Brief study of basic metabolic pathways and formation of different secondary

metabolites

through these pathways- Shikimic acid pathway, Acetate pathways and Amino acid

pathway.

b) Study of utilization of radioactive isotopes in the investigation of Biogenetic studies

UNIT II

General introduction, composition, chemistry & chemical classes, biosources,therapeuticuses and commercial applications of following secondary metabolites:

Alkaloids: Vinca, Rauwolfia, Belladonna, Opium.

Phenylpropanoids and Flavonoids: Lignans, Tea, Ruta.

Steroids, Cardiac Glycosides & Triterpenoids: Liquorice, Dioscorea, Digitalis.

Volatile oils: Mentha, Clove, Cinnamon, Fennel, Coriander.

Tannins: Catechu, Pterocarpus.

Resins: Benzoin, Guggul, Ginger, Asafoetida, Myrrh, Colophony.

Glycosides: Senna, Aloes, Bitter Almond.

Iridoids, Other terpenoids & Naphthaquinones: Gentian, Artemisia, taxus,

carotenoids

UNIT III

Isolation, Identification and Analysis of Phytoconstituents

a) Terpenoids: Menthol, Citral, Artemisin

b) Glycosides: Glycyrhetinic acid & Rutin

c) Alkaloids: Atropine,Quinine,Reserpine,Caffeine

d) Resins: Podophyllotoxin, Curcumin

UNIT IV

Industrial production, estimation and utilization of the following phytoconstituents:

Forskolin, Sennoside, Artemisinin, Diosgenin, Digoxin, Atropine, Podophyllotoxin,

Caffeine, Taxol, Vincristine and Vinblastine

UNIT V

Basics of Phytochemistry:Modern methods of extraction, application of latest

techniques like Spectroscopy, chromatography and electrophoresis in the isolation,

purification and identification of crude drugs.

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